مرض التليف الكيسي (Cystic fibrosis)

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Cystic fibrosis

 

On this page, you will find everything you are looking for regarding cystic fibrosis (CF).

What IsCFCystic Fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that primarily affects the lungs and digestive system. It results from a defect in a specific gene, causing people with CF to produce an excess of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs, airways, and digestive system.

What Are the Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis?

  • The symptoms of cystic fibrosis include:
  • Chronic coughing
  • Shortness of breath
  • Recurrent lung infections
  • Frequent sinus infections
  • Recurrent nasal polyps
  • Pancreatitis
  • Difficulty gaining weight
  • Sweaty skin
  • Heat intolerance
  • Fertility issues

Arthritis

  • What Causes Cystic Fibrosis?
  • Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation (change) in a gene that helps control salt and water in cells, affecting the production of mucus, sweat, and digestive fluids.
  • Both parents must carry the defective CF gene for their child to inherit the condition.

A person can be a carrier of CF and show no symptoms.

How Is Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosed?

  • A doctor will take a medical history and conduct a physical examination, and may request additional procedures as needed, such as:
  • Cystic fibrosis is often detected in newborns through a newborn screening test called a heel prick test. This involves pricking the baby’s heel to obtain a small blood sample. Up to 95 out of every 100 babies with CF are diagnosed this way.
  • If the heel prick test is positive, the baby should undergo a sweat test at around 6 weeks old to determine if they have the disorder or are simply carriers of the defective gene.

Adults with a family history of CF can speak with a genetic counselor and undergo blood tests to see if they carry the CF gene.

What Are the Treatments for Cystic Fibrosis?

  • Cystic fibrosis cannot be cured, but treatments can help manage the disease. Treatment involves various procedures as needed and may include:
  • Daily physiotherapy to clear the lungs.
  • Taking enzyme capsules to aid in food digestion.
  • Antibiotics for lung infections.
  • Inhalers to open the airways.
  • Salt and vitamin supplements.

A special diet.

Some people with CF may need a lung transplant to live longer, and some patients may require liver or pancreas transplants.

How Can Cystic Fibrosis be Prevented?

Currently, CF cannot be prevented in children who have the CF gene because the disease is present from birth in certain organs like the pancreas and liver, though it only develops in the lungs after birth.

Future occurrences of CF can be prevented by identifying all carriers of the CF gene, as the condition occurs only when both parents pass the CF gene to the child.

What Are the Complications of Cystic Fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis can affect the skin, pancreas, liver, intestines, sinuses, and reproductive organs, potentially leading to lung failure in affected individuals.

When Should You Consult a Doctor?

 

You should consult a doctor if your child experiences breathing, bowel, or growth problems to determine the cause and establish an appropriate treatment plan.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does premarital testing include cystic fibrosis?

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