On this page, you will find everything you need to know about uterine fibroids.
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
The uterus is an inverted, pear-shaped organ located in the pelvis where a baby grows during pregnancy. Its normal size is roughly that of a lemon. Fibroids are benign (non-cancerous) tumors made up of muscle and connective tissue that form in the wall of the uterus.
These fibroids are usually non-malignant and vary in size, number, and location within or around the uterus. They can grow as a single nodule or in clusters, with sizes ranging from as small as 1 mm to more than 20 cm (8 inches) in diameter or even larger. These growths can develop within the uterine wall, inside the uterine cavity, or on its outer surface.
What Are the Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids?
- Heavy or painful menstrual bleeding.
- Bleeding between periods.
- A feeling of fullness or bloating in the lower abdomen.
- Frequent urination (due to pressure on the bladder).
- Pain during sexual intercourse.
- Lower back pain.
- Constipation
- Chronic vaginal discharge.
- Difficulty urinating or emptying the bladder completely.
What Are the Causes of Uterine Fibroids?
Several risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing fibroids, including:
- Obesity or being overweight.
- A family history of fibroids.
- Not having given birth.
- Early onset of menstruation.
- Late onset of menopause.
How Are Uterine Fibroids Diagnosed?
The doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical exam. Additional procedures may be ordered if needed, such as:
- Pelvic ultrasound.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
- Computed Tomography (CT) scan.
- Hysteroscopy
What Are the Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids?
Treatment depends on the patient’s condition and may include:
- Medications such as pain relievers and hormonal therapies that help shrink the fibroids.
- Surgery, especially if the fibroids cause significant symptoms or complications such as urinary incontinence.
Can Uterine Fibroids Be Prevented?
While fibroids cannot be completely prevented, the risk may be reduced by:
- Maintaining a healthy body weight.
- Undergoing regular pelvic exams.
What Are the Complications of Uterine Fibroids?
Complications can result from heavy menstrual bleeding, leading to:
- Anemia
- Fatigue and weakness.
They may also arise due to pressure from fibroids on nearby organs, causing:
- Constipation
- Urinary incontinence.
- Infertility or miscarriage in severe or advanced cases.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Seek medical attention if you experience any of the following symptoms:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding.
- Bleeding between periods.
- Abdominal swelling or a noticeable lump.
- Difficulty controlling urination.
Frequently Asked Questions:
I have a fibroid. Can it turn into cancer?
No, fibroids are benign tumors and do not develop into cancer.
