Everything You Need to Know About Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD).
What is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)?
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common, mild, and highly contagious illness that usually affects children under the age of 5, although anyone can contract it. It can spread quickly in schools and daycare centers.
What Are the Symptoms of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
Symptoms of HFMD usually include:
- Fever
- Mouth ulcers.
- Skin rash on the hands and feet.
What Causes Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
HFMD is usually caused by a viral infection by viruses belonging to the enterovirus family, which can spread through several routes. The main sources of transmission are:
- Saliva
- Fluid from blisters.
- Stool
- Respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
- Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the eyes, mouth, or nose.
How Is It Diagnosed?
The doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical examination, and may request additional tests if necessary.
How Is Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Treated?
Treatment is supportive and may include:
- Medications and pain relievers.
- Drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.
How Can Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Be Prevented?
You can help reduce the risk of catching or spreading HFMD by:
- Wash your hands and your child’s hands frequently with soap and water.
- Avoiding close contact with infected individuals.
- Avoid contact of the eyes, nose, and mouth with hands that have not been properly washed.
What Are the Complications of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease?
If neglected, HFMD may lead to complications such as:
- Diarrhea
- Loss of fingernails or toenails.
- Viral meningitis.
- Encephalitis or paralysis.
When Should You See a Doctor?
You should seek medical attention if:
- Your child is unable to drink fluids normally.
- Your child’s fever lasts longer than 3 days.
- Symptoms do not improve after 10 days.
- Your child has a weakened immune system.
Frequently Asked Questions:
My child has HFMD. Can antibiotics be used for treatment?
No. HFMD is a viral illness and does not require antibiotics.
