On this page, you'll find everything you need to know about Bacterial Vaginosis (BV).

What is Bacterial Vaginosis?

Bacterial Vaginosis is a common condition, sometimes referred to as non-specific vaginitis. It occurs when the types of bacteria living in the vagina become unbalanced.

It's normal for women to have vaginal discharge, but any unusual change may indicate an underlying issue.

What are the Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis?

When symptoms occur, they usually include:

• Watery white or gray vaginal discharge.

• Unpleasant vaginal odor.

• Mild irritation around the vagina and vulva.

Sometimes symptoms come and go, and they may be more noticeable during menstruation or after sexual activity.

What Causes Bacterial Vaginosis?

The exact cause of Bacterial Vaginosis is unknown. It is believed to occur when there is an overgrowth of bacteria that naturally live in the vagina. The likelihood of developing Bacterial Vaginosis increases if:

• The woman is married.

• There is a new sexual partner.

• No contraceptive methods (such as condoms) are used.

• The vagina is douched frequently or cleaned internally.

• The woman smokes.

• The presence of a copper intrauterine device (IUD) may increase the risk of developing Bacterial Vaginosis.

How is Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosed?

A doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical examination. They may also request additional procedures as needed, such as:

• Taking a vaginal swab sample for examination.

What are the Treatment Options for Bacterial Vaginosis?

Treatment involves several procedures or as necessary, and may include:

• Antibiotics. These can be administered as oral tablets, or as a vaginal antibiotic cream or gel.

Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis may not be necessary if there are no symptoms. However, if symptoms are present, especially in pregnant women, appropriate treatment is essential to avoid complications.

Bacterial Vaginosis often recurs. Therefore, the patient may need to take medication more than once.

How Can Bacterial Vaginosis Be Prevented?

If a woman has Bacterial Vaginosis, there are several ways to help prevent its return, such as:

• Quitting smoking.

• Avoiding excessive vaginal douching.

• Using only water to cleanse the vagina.

• Avoiding scented washes around the vagina.

• Using barrier contraceptives, like condoms, during intercourse.

What are the Complications of Bacterial Vaginosis?

A patient with Bacterial Vaginosis is at a higher risk of developing other conditions, including:

• Sexually transmitted infections.

• Pelvic inflammatory disease (inflammation of pelvic organs).

• Complications pertaining to procedures like inserting an intrauterine device (IUD).

Untreated Bacterial Vaginosis during pregnancy can lead to complications such as:

• Preterm delivery.

• Miscarriage.

• Uterine infection.

It's advisable for pregnant women experiencing symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis to consult a doctor for treatment, which can help prevent pregnancy complications.

When Should You See a Doctor?

You should see a doctor if you have symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis or a change in your normal vaginal discharge. Although Bacterial Vaginosis can be uncomfortable, it can lead to other problems.

FAQs:

I have vaginal discharge. Does this mean I have a sexually transmitted disease?

No, not all vaginal discharges are an indication of a sexually transmitted disease. Some are non-pathological, such as those accompanying pregnancy or intercourse, while there are other non-sexual conditions due to increased activity of vaginal bacteria.

Can I contract Bacterial Vaginosis by using public restrooms?

No, that is not possible.