On this page, you will find everything you need regarding Genital Herpes.
What is Genital Herpes Disease?
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by two types of viruses:
- Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) and Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) which is the most common type in most cases.
Type 1 often causes oral herpes, which can lead to sores or blisters in or around the mouth. However, most people with oral herpes do not exhibit any symptoms, as most become infected during childhood or youth through saliva and non-sexual contact.
What are the symptoms of Genital Herpes Infection?
Most people with genital herpes do not show any symptoms, but some individuals may experience:
- Tingling in the genital area.
- Small blisters on the genital area that develop into small, painful red sores.
- Sores resembling a rash or cracked skin on the genitals.
- Difficulty urinating.
Sores may appear on parts of the skin that come into contact with a partner during sexual intercourse. Sores may also form in the anus or on the buttocks and inner thighs. The first outbreaks of infection may resemble flu-like symptoms, such as:
- Fever
- Headache
- Swollen glands
After the first outbreak, the virus remains dormant in the body for the rest of a person’s life, meaning it can cause recurring outbreaks of sores and blisters. Subsequent outbreaks are generally milder, shorter, and less frequent over time. They are more likely to occur when the immune system is weakened by illness, fatigue, or stress.
What are the Causes of Genital Herpes Infection?
- Genital herpes spreads through skin contact with an infected person, usually during sexual intercourse with someone who has the virus. It can also spread through kissing.
- The herpes simplex virus infection spreads easily when there are blisters or sores, but it can also be transferred even if the person does not have blisters, sores, or other symptoms.
Genital herpes cannot be contracted through hugging, swimming pools, or toilet seats.
What are the Diagnostic Methods?
The physician takes the patient’s medical history and conducts a clinical examination. Additional procedures may be requested as necessary, such as:
- A swab from the blisters or sores to check for the herpes simplex virus, preferably taken within four days of the sore or blister appearing.
What are the Treatment Methods for Genital Herpes?
There is no definitive cure to eliminate the herpes virus from the body. Treatment involves several procedures or as needed, and may include the following:
- Medications: Symptoms can be reduced using antiviral medications, which are most effective when started within 72 hours of the onset of the first symptoms. Medications can help control symptoms if they are recurrent or severe and work to suppress the virus to prevent it from becoming active again. Antiviral drugs can also reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to an infected partner.
- Gently washing the area with warm saline solution (a teaspoon of salt to two cups of water, or a cup of salt in the bathtub).
- Painkillers like paracetamol.
- Topical anesthetic ointment or cream.
- Urinating while sitting in a warm bath if urination is painful.
What are the Prevention Methods for Genital Herpes?
The best way to prevent genital herpes infection is by avoiding sexual contact with an infected person and following the doctor’s guidelines.
Touching sores or fluids from the sores can spread herpes to other parts of the body, such as the eyes, so avoid touching sores or fluids to prevent spreading the virus. If someone touches the sores or fluids, they should wash their hands thoroughly and quickly to help prevent spreading the virus.
What are the Complications of Genital Herpes Infection?
- Genital herpes can cause painful sores on the genitals that can be severe and persistent in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV.
- Meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain).
- Development of genital lesions (abnormal change) during the course of the infection.
When Should You Visit a Doctor?
If you suspect you are infected or notice any of the symptoms mentioned above, you should consult a doctor for proper advice and treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions
My doctor diagnosed me with herpes. Should I inform the other partner in the relationship about my infection?
Yes, to avoid sexual intercourse with the infected party until the risk of sexually transmitted disease is under control.
I have blisters in the sensitive area. Does this mean I have a sexually transmitted disease?
No, not all blisters are considered a sexually transmitted disease. Some cases may be skin conditions, especially if blisters are found on other parts of the body. Therefore, a specialist doctor should be consulted for the appropriate treatment, and sexual intercourse should be avoided until an STD-free status is confirmed.
Can kissing transmit herpes?
Usually, yes, because the herpes virus is prevalent in body fluids, including saliva.
