On this page, you will find everything you are looking for regarding diabetic nephropathy
What is diabetic nephropathy?
Diabetes-associated nephropathy is a condition that affects the kidneys, where the kidneys filter waste from the body, and also help balance body fluids.
Diabetes causes diabetic nephropathy because the body struggles to properly process blood sugar (glucose) from the foods and drinks consumed. Excess glucose in the bloodstream can damage the glomerular membranes as well as other parts of the kidney, making it difficult for the kidneys to filter fluids properly. As a result, toxins that should be excreted in the urine accumulate in the blood and body.
What are the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy?
Symptoms usually do not appear until at least 80%–90% of the kidney is affected, and they include:
- Swelling in the face, hands, and feet (edema).
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Fatigue or exhaustion.
- Shortness of breath.
- Loss of appetite.
- Foamy urine.
- Difficulty concentrating or confusion.
- Dryness and itching of the skin.
- Muscle cramps.
What causes diabetic nephropathy?
Nearly all types of diabetes can cause diabetic nephropathy if not treated and controlled.
How is it diagnosed?
If you have diabetes, you should visit your healthcare provider every three to six months. If your doctor suspects diabetic nephropathy, they may request additional procedures as needed, such as:
- Urine test.
- Blood test.
- Kidney biopsy.
What are the treatment options for diabetic nephropathy?
Treatment involves several measures or as needed. It depends on the stage of the disease and the patient’s age and may include:
- Medications: Some medications help prevent the worsening of diabetic nephropathy and maintain stable kidney function.
- Dialysis: If the kidneys are not working properly, dialysis performs the kidneys’ functions. During dialysis, the machine removes blood, filters waste products and excess fluids, and returns the blood to the body.
- Kidney transplant.
How can diabetic nephropathy be prevented?
The best way to prevent diabetic nephropathy is to manage diabetes and lower blood pressure. Be sure to follow your treatment plan as directed by your healthcare provider.
What are the complications of diabetic nephropathy?
Diabetic nephropathy may progress to kidney failure, but with proper follow-up and controlling the diseases that affect the kidneys, the worsening of diabetic nephropathy can be prevented, God willing.
When should you see a doctor?
If you have diabetes, your doctor will recommend screening for diabetic nephropathy annually after five years from your initial diagnosis if you have type 1 diabetes, and immediately in the first year if you have type 2 diabetes.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can diabetic nephropathy be reversed?
No, you cannot reverse diabetic nephropathy. However, you can slow it down or even limit the progression of the condition by taking medications as prescribed by your healthcare provider, eating well, and staying physically active.
