On this page, you will find everything you need to know about Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR).
What is Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)?
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), also known as fetal growth restriction, occurs when a baby is smaller than expected for the gestational age. This means the fetus is not growing at the normal rate inside the womb.
What are the symptoms of IUGR?
Most people do not experience noticeable symptoms or signs that the baby is small for gestational age. However, you may feel that your belly or baby is not as large as it should be.
What are the causes of IUGR?
- Problems with the placenta or umbilical cord.
- Being pregnant with twins or multiples.
- A previous baby with IUGR.
- High blood pressure, heart disease, or anemia.
- Smoking, alcohol consumption, or drug use.
- Autoimmune diseases.
- Kidney disease.
- Taking anti-seizure medications.
- Diabetes
- Infections such as rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus (CMV), or toxoplasmosis.
How is IUGR diagnosed?
The doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical examination, and may request further evaluations if needed, such as:
- Ultrasound imaging
How is IUGR treated?
Treatment depends on the specific case and may include the following:
Increased medical check-ups to closely monitor the health of the mother and baby.
Early delivery: If the pregnancy is not progressing or if the baby is at risk, labor may be induced early.
Steroid treatment (corticosteroids): If recommended by your doctor, this medication can help accelerate fetal lung development.
How can IUGR be prevented?
IUGR cannot always be prevented, but minimizing risk factors can reduce the likelihood of its occurrence. This includes:
Avoiding drugs and alcohol.
Quitting smoking.
Maintaining a healthy, balanced diet.
Gaining adequate weight during pregnancy.
Controlling blood pressure.
Properly managing diabetes.
What are the complications of IUGR?
Poor fetal growth can lead to complications for both the baby and the mother during or after delivery, such as:
Increased risk of cesarean section and preterm birth.
Breathing and feeding problems at birth.
Low oxygen levels at birth.
Low blood sugar levels at birth.
Difficulty maintaining body temperature.
Polycythemia (increased number of red blood cells).
Weakened immune system in the baby.
When should you see a doctor?
You should attend regular prenatal check-ups to monitor your health and your baby’s development.
Frequently Asked Questions:
My baby has been diagnosed with IUGR—does this mean all my future pregnancies will have the same issue?
No, having IUGR in one pregnancy does not mean it will definitely happen in future pregnancies. However, the risk may be slightly higher. With regular follow-up and monitoring by a specialist, it is possible—God willing—to avoid IUGR in future pregnancies.
