Cervical cancer
On this page, you will find everything you need to know about cervical cancer.
What isCervical Cancer? (Human Papilloma Virus).
Cervical cancer occurs in the lower part of the uterus connected to the vagina, which results from abnormal growth of cervical cells, usually caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).
What are the Symptoms of Cervical Cancer?
- Often, there are no clear symptoms or signs of cervical cancer, but in advanced stages, the following may occur:
- Bleeding at unusual times (different from menstrual periods).
- Continuous vaginal discharge.
Pain and bleeding during and after intercourse.
What CausesHPVCervical Cancer?
- The primary cause of cervical cancer is the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing it, such as:
- Sexually transmitted infections.
- Immune disorders, such as HIV (the virus that causes AIDS).
- Prolonged use of birth control pills (more than 5 years).
Smoking.
How is Cervical Cancer Diagnosed?:
- The doctor will review your medical history and perform a physical examination. Additional procedures may be required, such as:.
- Colposcopy.
Cervical smear test (a test that checks for early signs of cancer).
What is the Treatment for Cervical Cancer?
- Treatment involves various procedures depending on the need and may include:
- Surgery: If cervical cancer is detected early and hasn’t spread, the patient may undergosurgery. The goal of surgery is to help relieve symptoms rather than cure cancer.
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. A patient can undergo chemotherapy to help shrink the cancer and eliminate any remaining cancer cells after surgery, and to help prevent the recurrence of cancer.
Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy, intense rays to eliminate cancer cells. It is used to treat early-stage cancer if surgical operation is not possible, and to help control and alleviate symptoms of advanced cancer.
How to Prevent Cervical Cancer?
- To prevent cervical cancer, undertake earlyHPVscreening and follow these guidelines:
- Make sure to get vaccinated against HPV, whichpap smearis available for individuals aged 11 to 45.
- Ensure regular screening to detect the disease early through a Pap smear every three years starting from age 21.
Quit smoking.
What are the Complications of Cervical Cancer?
Like most cancers, cervical cancer can spread to other parts of the body, causing serious complications. However, when detected and treated early, the prognosis is usually very good.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Many women experience unexpected vaginal bleeding and/or pelvic pain at different stages of life. In most cases, it’s not due to cervical cancer. However, you should consult your doctor if symptoms are concerning or persist for more than two weeks.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Does Cervical Cancer Affect Fertility?
Cervical cancer itself does not affect fertility, but the treatments may. Consult your doctor if you are planning to become pregnant.
Is Cervical Cancer Hereditary?
HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer in most cases and is not considered hereditary. However, you may be at higher risk if you have a first-degree relative, like a mother or sister, with cervical cancer.
I Have Never Had a Sexual Relationship. Is it Possible to Have a Cervical Test?
