Seasonal Affective Disorder
(Diseases)
On this page, you will find everything you need to know about Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
What Is Seasonal Affective Disorder?
- Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression triggered by seasonal changes, usually beginning in fall/winter and fading in spring/summer.
- What Are the Symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder?
- Feeling sad or down.
- Loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities.
- Changes in appetite, often with increased cravings for carbohydrates.
- Changes in sleep patterns, usually Oversleeping.
- Low energy or increased fatigue despite sleeping more.
- Increased Restlessness (e.g., inability to sit still, pacing, hand-wringing) or slowed movements or speech.
- Feelings of worthlessness or guilt.
Difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions.
Suicidal ideation.
What Causes Seasonal Affective Disorder?
The exact cause of SAD is not fully understood, but it is often linked to reduced exposure to sunlight during the fall and winter seasons.
How Is Seasonal Affective Disorder Diagnosed?
SAD can be challenging to diagnose because many types of depression share similar symptoms. It may take time to recognize a consistent seasonal pattern. A diagnosis of SAD may be confirmed if:
Your depressive episodes occur at the same time each year for at least two consecutive years.
Depressive periods are followed by periods without depression.
How Is Seasonal Affective Disorder Treated?
- Treatment varies depending on the individual’s needs and may include:
- Exposure to sunlight or light therapy (phototherapy).
- Antidepressant medications prescribed by a physician.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
- Regular physical activity.
Symptoms often improve on their own with the change of season, but treatment can help relieve symptoms more quickly.
Can Seasonal Affective Disorder Be Prevented?
There is no guaranteed way to prevent Seasonal Affective Disorder, but the following steps may help reduce its severity or prevent recurrence:
Spend time outdoors daily, even on cloudy days—natural daylight can improve your mood.
Maintain a balanced diet.
Exercise for at least 30 minutes, three times a week.
What Are the Complications of Seasonal Affective Disorder?
- Potential complications include:
- Social isolation.
- Substance abuse.
- Other mental health disorders such as anxiety or eating disorders.
Suicidal thoughts or behaviors.
When Should You See a Doctor?
You should consult a healthcare professional if your symptoms persist and interfere with your daily life.
- Frequently Asked Questions:
Can Seasonal Affective Disorder occur in the summer?
- Yes. Some people experience a rare form of Seasonal Affective Disorder known as “summer-pattern Seasonal Affective Disorder” It begins in lateSADspring or early summer and usually resolves in the fall. It is less common than the winter-pattern Seasonal Affective Disorder.
Who Is at Risk of Developing Seasonal Affective Disorder?
Seasonal Affective Disorder is more common in younger individuals and women. Other risk factors include:
Having another mood disorder, such as major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder
A family history of Seasonal Affective Disorder, depression, or other mental health conditions
