Body Dysmorphic Disorder
(Diseases)
On this page, you will learn about Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD).
What is Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition in which a person spends a great deal of time worrying about perceived flaws in their appearance. These perceived flaws are often unnoticeable to others but cause significant distress and interfere with the person’s ability to live a normal life.
What are the symptoms of Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
You may have BDD if you:
- Constantly worry about a specific part of your body, especially the face.
- Spend a lot of time comparing your appearance to others.
- Frequently look at yourself in the mirror or completely avoid mirrors.
- Put a lot of effort into hiding perceived flaws, such as spending a long time grooming, applying makeup, or choosing clothes.
What causes Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
The exact cause of BDD is not known, but several factors may play a role, including:
- Genetic factors: You may be more likely to develop BDD ifOCDa close relative has BDD, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), or depression.
- Brain chemistry imbalances.
- Having anxiety disorders or personality disorders.
- Childhood trauma or abuse, including bullying or verbal abuse related to appearance.
How is Body Dysmorphic Disorder diagnosed?
The diagnosis of BDD is based on current symptoms and how much they impact your life. A healthcare provider will assess your thoughts, behaviors, and emotional state to determine if BDD is present.
How is Body Dysmorphic Disorder treated?
Treatment typically involves one or more of the following, depending on individual needs:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This is the primary form of psychotherapy used. Multiple sessions may be needed.
- In children, education about the condition is often the first step. If symptoms persist after behavioral therapy, medications may be recommended for moderate to severe cases.
- Physical activity and regular exercise can help manage associated issues such as depression, stress, and anxiety.
How can Body Dysmorphic Disorder be prevented?
The best way to prevent BDD from becoming a serious problem is early detection and treatment. Start treatment as soon as symptoms appear. If you experience signs of BDD, consult your healthcare provider promptly.
What are the complications of Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
People with BDD often isolate themselves at home, avoid social situations, and miss work or school due to their distress about their appearance. This can negatively affect:
- Relationships, academic performance, job functioning, and both mental and physical health.
- Many people with BDD also suffer from depression, OCD, social anxiety disorder, or eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa.
- Some may become severely depressed or anxious, leading to substance abuse, suicidal thoughts, or suicide attempts.
When should you see a doctor?
If your symptoms worsen or if you experience new symptoms, inform your healthcare provider.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Can Body Dysmorphic Disorder be treated without medication?
Yes, it can be treated through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions as recommended by a mental health professional.
Does treatment take a long time?
Yes, treatment duration varies depending on the severity of symptoms and the individual’s commitment to therapy and medications. It may take several months, so regular follow-up and adherence to the treatment plan are essential.
Can the condition return after stopping treatment?
Yes, symptoms may return. Therefore, it’s important to follow the treatment plan and consult your doctor if symptoms reappear after discontinuing treatment.
