اضطراب فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD)

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

 

On this page, you will find everything you need to know about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

What Is Attention. Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

  1. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most common developmental disorders. It is often diagnosed in childhood and, in most cases, continues into adulthood. ADHD has different types, which include:
  2. Inattention: The individual has difficulty organizing tasks or completing them, paying attention to details, or following instructions. Attention is easily diverted, and they may forget daily routine details.
  3. Hyperactivity and Impulsivity: The individual talks excessively and struggles to stay still for long periods, such as during meals or while doing homework. There is significant restlessness, impulsivity, and rashness.

Combined Inattention and Hyperactivity: Symptoms of both types are equally present in the individual.

What Are the Symptoms of ADHD?

  • Inattention Symptoms:
  • Lack of attention to details.
  • Difficulty concentrating.
  • Tendency to avoid tasks that require mental effort.
  • Not following instructions.
  • Starting tasks without finishing them.
  • Difficulty organizing tasks, activities, or time.
  • Easily distracted.
  • Tendency not to listen when spoken to..

Forgetfulness.

  • Hyperactivity-Impulsivity:
  • Fidgeting.
  • Running or climbing in inappropriate situations.
  • Talking nonstop.
  • Interrupting conversations, games, or activities.
  • Using others’ items without permission.
  • Difficulty playing quietly.
  • Difficulty waiting for their turn.

Continuous movement.

What Are the Causes of ADHD?

  • There is no specific cause for ADHD, but several factors increase the likelihood of developing it, including:
  • Genetics..
  • Braininjury.
  • Exposure to hazardous materials during pregnancy or early childhood, such as lead found in certain types of paint or plumbing.

Consuming alcohol and smoking during pregnancy.

How is ADHD diagnosed?:

  • The diagnosis involves taking the medical history and conducting a clinical examination. Additional procedures may be requested as needed, such as:
  • Inquiring about the individual’s behaviorDSMwith family and in school.

Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for ADHD from the American Psychiatric Association.

How Is ADHD Treated?

  • Treatment can involve several methods or as needed, and may include:

Behavioral Therapies:

  • Aiming to reduce undesirable behaviors through learning or strengthening positive behaviors and battling unwanted ones. This involves:
  • Training parents on behavior management.
  • Training in social skills.
  • Psychotherapy.
  • Family therapy.

Medication:

Medications do not cure ADHD completely, but they help the individual concentrate better, control their impulses, and increase calmness.

How Can ADHD Be Prevented?

  • There is no specific way to prevent it, but there are some tips to help protect against the risks associated with ADHD:

PreventingUnintentional Injuries: .  

  • Hyperactivity and inattention can put the individual at risk of injuries such as falls, drowning, burns, and poisoning.

Mental Health:

  • Children with ADHD are increasingly at risk of conditions such as:
  • Behavioral disorders.

Mood disorders like depression.

Increasing Physical Activity and Improving Nutrition and Sleep:

Getting adequate sleep; for details on improving sleep quality, read the Sleep Guide.

What Are the Complications of ADHD?

  • In children:
  • Delays in speech.
  • Delays in motor skills.

Delays in social development.

  • In teenagers or adolescents:
  • Poor academic performance.
  • Learning difficulties.
  • Problems with social relationships.
  • Engaging in risky behaviors.
  • Behavioral disorders.. 
  • Anxietyanddepression.. 
  • Tourette syndrome or tics.

Sleep disorders.

  • Inadults:.
  • Depression or anxiety.
  • Family problems.

Work issues.

When Should You Consult a Doctor?

 

If you notice any symptoms in yourself or your child, consulting a doctor is advised.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is ADHD caused by the use of electronic devices?

There is no scientific evidence establishing a link between the use of electronic devices and ADHD.

“ADHD symptoms are temporary and will fade over time, so there is no need to rush to consult specialists.” Is this true?

 

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