Menstrual cycle
(Public Health)
This page will answer your questions about the menstrual cycle.
What is the menstrual cycle?
The female reproductive system undergoes cyclical changes and a series of regular hormonal transformations known as the menstrual cycle. It occurs every 24 to 38 days and affects millions of women worldwide each month. The menstrual cycle involves the shedding of blood and tissue from the uterine lining through the vagina, and menstruation usually lasts about 8 days or less. The cycle, also known as menstruation, begins at puberty with an average age of 12 years and ends at menopause, which typically occurs around the age of 51.
Importance of the menstrual cycle:
The menstrual cycle is important for women as it prepares the body for ovulation and a possible pregnancy. The process begins when hormones released by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland help mature ovarian follicles, leading to ovulation. Afterwards, ovarian hormones prepare the cervix to receive sperm, and the uterine lining thickens in preparation for a fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not occur, the body prepares for the next cycle and resets itself for the upcoming opportunity.
- Misconceptions about themenstrual cycle:
- There are many misconceptions and myths aboutthe menstrual cycle. Among the most common:
- Women cannot exercise during menstruation: On the contrary, women can exercise during menstruation, and someactivities,such as walking, stretching, or Pilates, may actually help relieve cramps and associated pain.
Menstrual pain must always be endured: This is not true. Women do not need to tolerate severe menstrual pain. If pain is intense, it can be managed with pain relievers, regular physical activity such as walking, rest, and adequate sleep.
Bathing during menstruation is harmful: In fact, bathing helps promote comfort, cleanliness, and protection against infections.
Health guidelines during the menstrual cycle:
These practices may help maintain health and comfort during menstruation:
Wear light, breathable clothing, such as cotton underwear.
Change menstrual products regularly. Moisture provides a favorable environment for bacteria and fungi. Prolonged use of pads or underwear can cause rashes or infections.
Maintain genital hygiene using only water. Avoid washing or using chemical cleansers to disinfect the vagina, as this can be harmful and may cause vaginal infections.
Use unscented toilet paper or sanitary pads, as scented hygiene products may irritate the skin.
Drink enough water, which may help reduce urinary tract infections.:
- Track and monitor your menstrual cycle. A regular cycle is an important sign of overall health. Irregular periods may indicate conditions such as thyroid disorders, hormonal imbalances, or other issues.
- Frequently Asked Questions:
- When should you see a doctor?
- You should see a doctor if you notice abnormal vaginal discharge in color or odor, unusually severe pain, more intense menstrual symptoms than usual (such as heavier bleeding or longer duration), or irregular cycles.
- Is menstrual blood “bad” or “spoiled”?
- This is incorrect. Menstrual blood is not spoiled. Menstruation is a natural vaginal bleeding process, and menstrual blood represents part of the uterine lining tissue.
