الجلطة القلبية (Myocardial Infarction)

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Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

 

On this page, you will find everything you need to know about myocardial infarction.

What is a Myocardial Infarction?

A myocardial infarction occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t receive enough blood, especially when risk factors are present, such as coronary artery disease.

What are the Symptoms of a Myocardial Infarction?

  • Symptoms include:
  • Chest pain.
  • Feeling tiredand fatigued.
  • Neck and shoulder pain.
  • Shortness of breath.. 

Nausea.

What are the Causes of a Myocardial Infarction?

Obesity.

How is it diagnosed?:

  • The doctor takes a medical history and performs a physical exam, and may request additional procedures as needed, such as:
  • Blood tests for (ECGcardiac enzymes.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure andrecord the heart’s electrical activity.
  • Stress test to measure heart function during exercise.coronary angiography).

Coronary angiography for imaging the coronary arteries.

How is a Myocardial Infarction Treated?

  • Treatment involves various procedures depending on the need, and may include:
  • Administering blood thinners, pain relievers, and oxygen if necessary.

Performing catheterization to remove blockages or narrowings, or performing a coronary artery bypass surgery as determined by the medical team.

After emergency treatment for a myocardial infarction, long-term treatment focuses on lifestyle modifications and medications to prevent recurrence and ensure the heart muscle functions properly.

  • Typically, it takes 8 weeks for the heart muscle to heal from a myocardial infarction. During recovery, consider the following:
  • Work: You may return to work one to three months after a myocardial infarction if the work is light and not strenuous.
  • Driving: You can resume driving a month after a myocardial infarction, starting with short distances and in non-congested areas.
  • Flying: You can fly a month after a myocardial infarction, preferably after consulting with a doctor and informing the airline to make appropriate accommodations.

Intimacy: You can resume intimacy a month after a myocardial infarction.

How to Prevent a Myocardial Infarction?

  • Lifestyle changes are the most effective way to prevent another myocardial infarction, including:
  • Following a healthy diet.
  • Exercising regularly.
  • Maintaining theideal weight.
  • Quitting smoking; for more details, see the Smoking Cessation Guide.
  • Avoiding alcohol.
  • Keeping lipid levels within normal range.
  • Maintaining normal blood pressure.

Keeping blood sugar levels normal.

What arethe Complicationsof aMyocardialInfarction?

Most heart diseases when treated properly and combined with maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following medical guidelines, can have their complications prevented. In advanced stages, these diseases can lead to heart failure and cardiac arrest if not properly treated.

When Should You See a Doctor?

If you notice symptoms of a myocardial infarction in yourself or another person, call emergency services immediately. The quicker you receive treatment, the less damage to the heart muscle. In the hospital, healthcare professionals can perform tests to determine if a heart attack is causing the symptoms and decide the best treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions:

What is the difference between angina,myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest?

Angina: Chest pain due to narrowing of the heartarteries caused by coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction.

Myocardial Infarction: Also known as a heart attack, it is the damage to heart muscles due toinadequate blood supply, caused by narrowing of the heart arteries from coronary heart disease or myocardial infarction.

Cardiac Arrest: A sudden stop in heart function, often caused by a myocardial infarction or other diseases.

I feel pain in my chestor left shoulder. Does this meanI have a heart problem?

No, many causes of chest pain originate from organs other than the heart, such as the esophagus when a person experiences heartburn from acid reflux, or muscle and joint inflammation in the chest. However, especially when risk factors exist, such as chronic conditions like diabetes, you should immediately consult a doctor for reassurance and to ensure the heart’s health.

How long does a heart attack last?

Chest pain from a heart attack lasts 15-20 minutes. Seek emergency care immediately.

Does stresscause aheart attack?

 

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